Sometime in 1849 Aaron Schuyler enrolled in the Seneca County Academy at Republic, Ohio. Although he was but a "slender country lad," he was one of the more advanced pupils, having already spent two terms at an academy in Norwalk. Less than a year later the principal of Seneca County Academy resigned, and the students petitioned the Board of Trustees to elect Schuyler as the new principal, which they did. He served in that post for twelve years, until the Civil War greatly depleted the ranks of the student body. During his tenure the Academy enrolled as many as 500 students from Ohio and other states, and its reputation is said to have rivaled that of Oberlin College.

Schuyler married Amanda Pearce in 1851, and they had three daughters. In the fall of 1861 he was elected to the chair of mathematics at Baldwin University, a Methodist institution located in Berea, Ohio. When the Schuylers moved to Berea in the summer of 1862, it was a rural town with a population of about 800. The following year the German department established German Wallace College, which would exist as a separate institution for 50 years until a 1913 merger created Baldwin-Wallace College.

In 1875 Schuyler was elected president of Baldwin University, a position that he held for ten years. During that time he continued as professor of mathematics and philosophy. He was awarded honorary degrees from Ohio Wesleyan University (A.M. in 1860), Otterbein University (LL.D. in 1874) and Kansas Wesleyan (Ph.D. in 1887).

While teaching in Ohio, Schuyler wrote a series of college mathematics textbooks including: Higher Arithmetic (1860), Complete Algebra for Schools and Colleges (1870), Elements of Geometry (1876), Plane and Spherical Trigonometry (1875), and Surveying and Navigation (1873). Except for the higher arithmetic, these were published in Cincinnati by Wilson, Hinkle & Co., and may have been seen as successors to the popular Ray's Mathematical Series. In fact, Schuyler had been the author of Ray's Surveying and Navigation. He was known for being a good expositor, and it was said that he could "make rough places smooth and crooked things straight." On the other hand, many teachers felt that his arithmetic and algebra books were too difficult, as they emphasized logical thinking over memorization and computation.

Besides mathematics, Schuyler taught philosophy, Latin, Greek, English literature, and Biblical interpretation. He published books on logic, psychology, systems of ethics, and history of philosophy. At the time of his death he was completing a manuscript on analytic geometry.

E. S. Loomis described Schuyler as "a good mathematician, far above average, ... but not an Abel nor a Gauss." From 1855 to 1857, Schuyler submitted solutions to 35 of the 56 problems posed in the Mathematical Department of The Ohio Journal of Education. Two of these had been posed by Schuyler himself -- one involved the area of a circular segment and the other asked for the product of Zero and Infinity. In the 1860's he published articles in the Ohio Educational Monthly on topics such as "Least Common Multiple" (1863), "How Should Arithmetic Be Taught to Advanced Classes?" (1865), and "How to Teach [place value] Notation" (1866).

In 1884-85 Schuyler served as president of both the Ohio College Association and the Ohio Teachers' Association. His presidential address to the latter on "The Sensibility: Its Phenomena and Education," delivered in July, 1885, was his last educational work in Ohio. He resigned from Baldwin University that year to become professor of mathematics and philosophy at the newly founded Kansas Wesleyan University in Salina, Kansas. From 1889-1912 he also served as president of that institution. He retired in 1907 and made his home in Salina until his death on February 1, 1913.

Professor Schuyler had an assistant in mathematics at Baldwin University named Ellen H. Warner (left). Born in Liverpool, Ohio, in 1844, she graduated from Baldwin in 1869. Her review of Schuyler's Higher Arithmetic was published in the Ohio Educational Monthly in 1865. She was at first employed as a "tutor in mathematics" but was soon given the title of Professor. E. S. Loomis refers to her as an "exacting drill-mistress," and as Dr. Schuyler's "highly efficient helper." She wrote A Key to Schuyler's Complete Algebra, published in 1874, and also prepared the solutions to the problems in his Trigonometry. She taught at Baldwin University until 1881 and at some time received an [honorary] Ph.D. degree.

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